Muffler



gases.

Patented Nov. 11 19.24.

UNITED STATES 1,515,463 PATENT OFFICE.

CHARLES H. DE LANCEY, OF BINGHAMTON, NEW YORK.

MUFFLER.

Application, led June 27, 1921. Serial No. 480,794.

ments in Muiilers, ofI which the following is a s ecification.

is invention 'relates to mufilers, and more particularly to a muiller having an ejector or ejectors in combination therewith, to assist in expanding and cooling exhaust An object of the present invention is to provide a muffling device that will effectually silence the sound of exhaust gases or vapors from an internal combustion engine, or other engine,v or boiler escape pipe.

A further object isto -provide a muiiler which will effectually silence the' sound of exhaust gases or vapors -without creating a back pressure.

The muffler herein disclosed is especially designed for use on high speed engines, such as are used on racing automobiles, motor boats, and air craft, but it may be employed on motor vehicles of any type.

A further object of the invention 'is the provision of a muflier in which the 'passa therethrough is not obstructed by ba e plates or similar devices heretofore employed in devices of this character.

In the' accompanying drawings, I have sh own several embodiments of the invention. ln this showing:

Figure 1 is a central vlongitudinal sectional view, -u

Figure 2 is atransverse sectional view on line 2-2`of Figure 1,

Figure 3 is `a similar view online 3-3 of Figure l1, Y

Figure 4 is a similar view on line 4-4 of Figure 1, l Y

Figure 5 is a similar view online 5--5 of Figure 1, ,A

Figure 6 is al detail sectional view,

Figure 7 is a longitudinal sectional view of another form ofthe invention, and,

Figure is a similar view of another form of the invention.

Referring to Figures 1 to 6 the drawings, the reference numeral 1 designates an cuter casing or shell which, as shown, may be cylindrical in form, or may be made vany other desired shane. An end wall 2 is secured :to the mumer casing by any suitable means such as a threaded collar 3 adapted to engage the threads formed on the e'ector castingand the end of the casing, as s own. The end wall 2 of the ejector 1s provided with a central opening, and a nozzle 4 is arranged within this opening and projecting into the casing. The nozzle is retained in position by means of -a threaded collar 5, the' collar being u.provided with internal threads by means of whichA the muler isy .secured to the exhaust ipe 6. The ejector is further providedwit a slightly flaring tubular member 7, forming a'central passage communicating with the end ofthe nozzle 4. The butt end of the tubular member is enlarged as at .8, to conform to the outline of thelnozzle, and'is spaced from the nozzle to' provide; a circular port 9. The port 9 communicates with a circular. cavity ,within `the ejector, which in turn commumcates with` the 'lexpansion space 10 of the mutHer by means of ajpluralit of` openings 11, through the wall 12 o cavity.

The tubular member 7 terminates intermediate the ends of the casing, and Ia plurality of disks 13 having central openings 14, are supported on rods 15. The inner ends of the-rods lare mountedin the end of the tubular member 7 the outer ends being received in a plate 16, arranged near the outlet end of the casing.`r Adjacent the tubular member, the disks 13 are curved on a single arc to deflect exhaust gases passing into the expansion chamber .10 toward the o enings l1. As shown', the disks are' slig tl. spaced from each other, being maintained ih spaced position by means of washers 17. Ata point adjacent to the outlet end of the casing, a plurality of spaced disks 18 are provided. These disks are also mounted on the rods 15,and maintained in spaced sition by `Washers 17. As shown, the disks 18 consist of inner portions curved in the same direction as the disks 13 to direct the i l exhaust, gases outwardly into the expansion of rods 15, whereby the nozzle is retained in position. Surrounding the nozzle, there is provided an outer nozzle 22, having a the ejector i threaded end 23, adapted to engage Ithreads formed on theI end of the casing. The plate 16 is provided with openingsv 24 to permit passage of gases from the expansion chamber into space between the two nozzles.

Figure 7 shows a different arrangement for delivering the gases from the central exhaust passage into the expansion chamber 10. The disks 13 and 18 are eliminated and a perforated pipe 26 is employed, the pipe belngsecured to the end of the tubular member 7 by suitable fastening means, as indicatedat 27, and being provided with a plurality of openings 28. A spiralcore 29 is arranged within the pipe whereby the exhaust gases are passed through the pipe in a spiral path, and delivered through the openings 28 intoexpansion chamber 10 by centrifugal force as well as by their own expansive force. i

As shown, in Figure 8 of the drawings,

i the spiral core 29 may be employed in 'connect'ion with the disks 13 and'18.

In the operation of the form of the invention shown in Figures 1 to 6 of the` draw- Iings, the exhaust gases delivered through p pipe 6 pass through nozzle 4 ata high rate of speed, forming a suction through the circular port 9 and drawing exhaust gases from the expansion vchamber 10 through openings 1,1 into the tubular member 7, overcoming any vacuum' therein. The exhaust gases drawn from the expansion chamber are'cooledand expanded and tend to cool and contractr the hot exhaust gasesfrom exhaust pipe 6 in the tubular member 7'. As the exhaust. gases ypass into the passage formed by openings 14 in the disks,- the major portion of them are forced through the space between the disks by expanding into the expansion chamber 10. The first set of disks 18 deflect the gases toward the inlet end of the muller,and the disks 18 deflect them in an opposite direction toward the outlet end. The nozzles 20 and 22 operate as an ejector so that the portion of exhaust ases passing between the disks 18 are rawn through the openings 24 into the s ace 25 and delivered to the atmosphere'. at portion of the exhaust gases which passes directly through the central exhaust passage is delivered through the nozzle '20, and produce a suction in the space 25, draw-y ing the exhaust gases from the expansion chamber. By means of the ejectors arranged at each end of the muffler, the expansion chamber 10 is kept practically free of gases, allowing a very rapid expansion of the exhaust gases as they are delivered into the expansion chamber, thus permitting the exhaust gases to be greatly expanded and cooled, and pass practically noiseless, into the atmosphere.

lt will be seen that by means of the e011-,

through the openings 28 into the expansion' chamber by the. centrifugal action. of the gases whirling around through the spiral cavity, as well as by the force of expansion, whence the gases are delivered to either of the ejectors in the manner heretofore described.

' In the form of the invention shown in Figure 8 of the drawings, the operation is substantially the same as in the form shown in Figures 1 to 6, except that the volume of gas expanding into expansion chamber 10 between the disks 13 and 18 is materially increased by the centrifugal action of the gases whirling around through the spiral path formed by the spiral cores 29.

It is to be understoodthat the forms of my invention-herewith shown and described aretol be taken as preferred examples of the same, and that various changes in the shape, size, and arrangement of parts may be resorted tofwithout departing from the spirit Iof my invention or the scope of the subjoine claims.

Having. thus described my invention, I claim: n n

1. A muflier comprising a casing, a substantially unobstructed exhaust passage extending through the casing, an expansion chamber .surrounding said exhaust passage and communicating therewith at a plurality of points to receive exhaust gases therefrom. and an ejector arranged at vthe inlet end of said` exhaust passage and forming a continuation thereof, said ejector being operated by the full forceof the exhaust gases to with draw gases from the expansion chamber.

2. A muler comprising a casing, a sub- Stantially unobstructed exhaust passage of substantially uniform diameter extending through the casing,'an expansion chamber 'surrounding said exhaust passage and comexhaust gases pass into said exhaust passage upon entering said casing, said ejector being adapted to withdraw gases from said expension -chamber and returning them to the exhaust passage.

3. A muffler comprising a casing having an exhaust passage arranged therein, an expansion chamber surrounding said exhaust passage and communicating therewith toreceive exhaust gases therefrom, an ejector arranged at the inlet end of the exhaust passage and communicating therewith whereby all the exhaust gases pass into said exhaust passage upon entering said casing, said ejector being adapted to withdraw gases from said expansion chamber and return them to the exhaust passage, and an ejector arranged at the outlet end of the exhaustv passage to Withdraw gases from the opposite end of the expansion chamber.

4. A muliier comprising a casing having an exhaust passage extending therethrough, an expansion chamber surrounding said exhaust passage and communicating therewith, means for permitting passage of gases from said exhaust passage into vsaid expansion chamber at a point remote from the inlet end of said casing, an ejector arranged at the inlet end ofsaid casing and forming a continuation of said exhaust passage whereby'all gases entering said casing are delivered to said exhaust passage, said ejector being adapted to withdraw gases from said expansion chamber adjacent said inlet end and return them to said exhaust passage.

5. A muflier comprising a casing, a tubular member arranged in said casing and extending from the inlet end of the, casing to al point intermediate the ends, said tubular member forming a central exhaust passage and a surrounding expansion chamber, means for forming an exhaust passage from the inner end of said tubular member to the outlet end of the casing and to permitcommunication between the exhaust passagev and the expansion chamber, a nozzle 'extending into the inlet end of the. casing and spaced from the `end of said tubular member to form an ejector to withdraw exhaust gases from the expansion chamber, and a nozzle formed on said outlet end of the lexhaust passage to withdraw exhaust gases from the adjacent portion of the expansion chamber.

j v6'.\A muier comprisingja casing, a tubular member aranged Within the casing and spaced therefrom to provide an exhaust passage and a surrounding expansion chamber. said tubular member extending to a point. adjacent the inlet end of the casing to a point intermediate the ends of the casing, a plurality of spaced 'disks arranged in alinementwith said tubular member and extending to the outlet end of the casing, said disks being provided with central openings to provide a continuation of the exhaust passage, the spaces between ysaid disks being adapted to permit communication between the exhaust chamber and the expansion chamber, and an inlet comprising a nozzle arranged concentric with said tubular member and spaced fromthe end of said tubular member to permit return of gases from `the expansion chamber to the exhaust passage.

7. `A muiier comprising a casing, a tubular member arranged in said casing and extending from the inlet end ofthe casing to a point intermediate the ends, said tubular member orminga central exhaust passage and a surrounding expansion chamber, means forforming an exhaust passage from the inner end of said tubular member to the outlet end of the casing, said exhaust passage being provided with openings to permit passage of gases into the expansion chamber, a spiral vcore arranged within said exhaust passa e, a nozzle extending into the inlet en of the casing and spaced from the end of said tubular member to form an ejector to withdraw gases from the expansion chamber, and a nozzle formed on said outlet end of the exhaust passage to withdraw gases from the adjacent portion of the expansion chamber.

8.A A muffler comprising a casing having a central exhaust passa chamber surrounding sai exhaust passage, means for permitting passage of gas from said exhaust passage into said expansion chamber, and ejectors arranged at the ends of the casing to withdraw gases from the expansionchamber by the force of the exhaust gases passing through the central exhaust passage. y

9. A muiler comprising a casing, a tubular member arranged therein and extending from the inlet end of `the casing to a point intermediate lthe ends', said tubular member forming afcentral exhaust passage and a surrounding expansion chamber, a member forming an exhaust passage communicating with the end` of said tubular member and y, extending to theoutlet end `of the casing, A said lmem-ber being provided with openings to permit passage of gases into the expansion chamber, a nozzle extending into the inlet end of the casing and spaced therefrom, and a wall formed on the end of said tubular member cooperating with said nozzle to form an ejector to withdraw gases from the expansion chamber and return them to the central exhaust passage adjacent the inlet end of the casing.

ture in presence of two witnesses.

In te'stimonv whereof I aix my signa-l CHARLES H. DE LANGEY. Witnesses: B. S. CURRAN,

AVA VAN TALMAGE.

, an expansion 

